High Courts in India

Static GK is an important segment of General Awareness in any competitive exams. In this article, we will learn about the complete information about the High Courts in India. This article is also important for competitive exams such as SSC, Bank, Defense, etc.

High Courts in India

The government of India is supported by three pillars i.e. the legislature, the executive branch, and the judiciary. In India, the judiciary system is independent. The nature of India's judicial system is based on the hierarchy. In India, the judicial system is mainly based on four layers of order i.e. The Supreme Court of India, The high court of various states, the district courts, and the subordinate courts.

High Courts in India: History

• In 1858, the law commission recommended establishing the High Courts in place of the Supreme Court in three Presidencies i.e. Madras, Calcutta, and Bombay.

• On the recommendation of the Law Commission, the Parliament passed the Indian High Courts Act 1861.

• In May 1862, the Charter of the High Court of Calcutta was ordered and later Madras and Bombay were ordered in June 1862.

• As a result, the Calcutta High Court became the first High Court of India.

• Thereafter, the British Government decided to terminate the then-existing Supreme Court and Sadar Adalat and replace it with the High Court.

High Courts in India: Number of High Courts of India

Presently, India has 25 high courts are present in India. In 2019, the Andhra Pradesh High Court and Telangana High Court were established.

High Courts in India: List of High Courts in India

List of High Courts in India
S. No.	Name	Year	Territorial  Jurisdiction	Seat
	Kolkata	1862	West Bengal, Andaman & Nicobar Islands	Kolkata (Bench of Port Blair)
	Bombay	1862	Maharashtra, Dadar, & Nagar Haveli. Goa, Daman  Diu	Mumbai (Bench at Panaji, Aurangabad and Nagpur)
	Chennai	1862	Tamil Nadu & Pondicherry	Chennai (Bench at Madurai)
	Allahabad	1866	Utter Pradesh	Allahabad (Bench at Lucknow)
	Karnataka	1884	Karnataka	Bengaluru (Bench at Dharwad and Gulbarga)
	Patna	1916	Bihar	Patna
	Jammu & Kashmir	1928	Jammu & Kashmir	Sri Nagar & Jammu
	Punjab & Haryana	1947	Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh	Chandigarh
	Guwahati	1948	Assam, Nagaland, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh	Guwahati (Bench at Kohima, Aizawl and Itanagar
	Orissa	1948	Orissa	Cuttack
	Rajasthan	1949	Rajasthan	Jodhpur ( Bench – Jaipur)
	Madhya Pradesh	1956	Madhya Pradesh	Jabalpur (Bench –Indore , Gwalior)
	Kerala	1958	Kerala & Lakshadweep	Ernakulum
	Gujarat	1960	Gujarat	Ahmedabad
	Delhi	1966	Delhi	Delhi
	Himachal Pradesh	1966	Himachal Pradesh	Shimla
	Sikkim	1975	Sikkim	Gangtok
	Chhattisgarh	2000	Chhattisgarh	Bilaspur
	Uttarakhand	2000	Uttarakhand	Nainital
	Jharkhand	2000	Jharkhand	Ranchi
	Tripura	2013	Tripura	Agartala
	Manipur	2013	Manipur	Imphal
	Meghalaya	2013	Meghalaya	Shillong
	Andhra Pradesh	2019	Andhra Pradesh	Amravati
	Telangana	2019	Telangana	Hyderabad

High Courts in India: Appointment of Judges

With the consultation of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and the Governor of the State, the President of India appoints the Chief Justice of a High Court. While the other judges in the High courts are appointed by the will of the President, Governor, and the Chief Justice of the High Court.

High Courts in India: Qualifications for the Judges

• In India, the Chief Justice or other judges of the High Court, are appointed based on:

• He should be a citizen of India.

• He should have been an advocate in one or more High Courts in India.

OR

• A judge for at least 10 years in subordinate courts in India.

High Courts in India: Tenure of Judges

Initially, the retirement age of the Judges of the High Courts was fixed at 60, but later it was raised to 62 in 1963 according to the 15th amendment of the Constitution.

High Courts in India: Salary of High Courts of India

High Court Judge Salary
Designation	Past Salary	After Increment
Chief Justice of the High Court	90,000	2,50,000
Other Judges of the High Court	80,000	2,25,000

FAQs:

1. As of December 2023, how many high courts are present in India?

Ans: As of December 2023, there are 25 High Courts in India.

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2. Which is the newly established High Court in India?

Ans: Andhra Pradesh and Telangana High Courts were established in 2019.

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Q3. Which state of India does not have its own High Court?

Ans: Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Goa, and Nagaland do not have High Courts.

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Q4. Which is the biggest High Court in India?

Ans: Allahabad High Court is the biggest High Court in India.

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