Day: April 15, 2026
Food Worth

Food Worth ₹1.55 Lakh Crore Wasted Annually

The United Nations Environment Programme, India, has a grave situation of food wastage, with an approximate of 1.55 lakh crore food going to waste each year. The report reveals that India loses about 78-80 million tonnes of food annually and that it ranks among the highest food wastages in the world. Such a great loss comes in the face of extensive food insecurity and hunger. Food waste not only causes economic losses, but it also goes ahead and causes environmental damage in the form of greenhouse gases. This is one of the problematic areas that need to be addressed in order to increase food security, sustainability, and effective use of resources in India.

Food Waste Crisis in India: Key Facts, Causes & Impact

  • An annual waste of ₹1.55 lakh crore of food in India is an enormous waste of money and inefficiency of the food system.

  • Each year, food waste amounts to approximately 78-80 million tonnes, which puts India at the top of food-wasting countries of the world.

  • The United Nations Environment Programme points out that people experience food waste at various stages, such as production, storage, transportation, preparation, and consumption.

  • Quite a sizeable amount of waste is at the household level; people are discarding food that is edible regularly.

  • Lack of proper infrastructure in the form of cold storage and transport causes spoilage of fruits, vegetables and perishables.

  • India experiences a loss or wastage of 30 to 40 per cent in its food supply chain.

  • Landfill-related greenhouse gases, particularly methane, exacerbate climate change because food products are a source of such gases.

  • Millions of people are still hungry, and the difference exists between production and distribution, even though there is surplus production.

  • Wastage of food also results in wastage of water, land and energy resources that are utilised in production.

  • Insufficient knowledge and population habits, especially in cities and social gatherings, aggravate food waste.

  • India does not have an overarching national policy that aims at minimising food waste.

  • Less food waste helps to enhance food security, alleviate hunger, and succeed in sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Important PYQs on Food

Exam & Year Question Options Correct Answer
UPSC Prelims 2016 Which of the following are indicators used to compute the Global Hunger Index? 1. Undernourishment 2. Child stunting 3. Child mortality (A) 1 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 1, 2 and 3
(D) 1 and 3 only
(C) 1, 2 and 3
UPSC (PYQ-based) Global Hunger Index is released by which organizations? (A) FAO
(B) World Bank
(C) Concern Worldwide & Welthungerhilfe
(D) UNDP
(C) Concern Worldwide & Welthungerhilfe
SSC CGL 2021 Headquarters of FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) is located in: (A) Geneva
(B) Rome
(C) Paris
(D) New York
(B) Rome
UPSC (PYQ-based) Which SDG aims to achieve “Zero Hunger”? (A) SDG 1
(B) SDG 2
(C) SDG 3
(D) SDG 4
(B) SDG 2
RRB NTPC 2020 Which report measures global hunger levels? (A) Human Development Report
(B) Global Hunger Index
(C) Ease of Doing Business
(D) SDG Report
(B) Global Hunger Index
SSC CHSL 2022 Which organization publishes the State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI) report? (A) FAO
(B) IMF
(C) WTO
(D) ILO
(A) FAO
UPSC (PYQ-based) Food security means: (A) Availability of food only
(B) Access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food
(C) Only production of food
(D) Only distribution
(B) Access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food
SSC MTS 2023 Which index ranks countries based on hunger and malnutrition? (A) HDI
(B) GHI
(C) MPI
(D) CPI
(B) GHI

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Conclusion – Food Worth ₹1.55 Lakh Crore Wastage per Year

The food wastage costs 1.55 lakh crore per year, shining a bright light on the major challenge of the Indian economy, environment, and food security. Although there has been enough food production, there is a huge loss due to inefficient storage systems, distribution, and consumption. This not only results in wastage of resources such as water and energy but also aggravates hunger and inequality. Food waste has to be tackled at all levels with improved infrastructure, values and policies so that all can enjoy sustainable growth and development, minimising environmental effects and attaining food security.

Delhi–Dehradun Expressway

Delhi–Dehradun Expressway Opened by PM Modi

The Delhi-Dehradun Motorway is a significant road project in India, inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on April 14, 2026. Full of turnouts. This 213-km access-controlled tunnel, costing an estimated 12,000 crores to construct, will eliminate more than 6 hours of travel time between Delhi and Dehradun and cut the travel time to 2-2.5 hours. The motorway will interlink Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand with Delhi and alleviate traffic issues on the old routes, and enhance the connectivity of the regions. The project, planned with modern technology and environmental concerns in mind, will enhance tourism, trade, and the economy across North India.

Delhi–Dehradun Expressway: Key Features, Route & Benefits Explained

  • The expressway is a six-lane (expandable; can hold 213 km long) access-controlled highway that allows fast and safe movement between Delhi and Dehradun.

  • It saves time significantly by cutting down on travel hours, which would otherwise take 5-6 hours but only about 2-2.5 hours, and is one of the quickest in the route in North India.

  • The project, which costs about 12,000 crore, is a significant infrastructure project of the Government of India.

  • The expressway begins in the vicinity of Akshardham in Delhi and runs through some of the important districts such as Baghpat, Shamli, Muzaffarnagar, and Saharanpur before arriving at Dehradun.

  • It falls within the larger Delhi-Dehradun economic corridor, enhancing connectivity between Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, and Uttarakhand.

  • It is hoped that the project will relieve congestion on the NH-58 and other highways that are in operation, easing congestion on the available routes.

  • One of the highlights is a 12-km elevated wildlife corridor along Rajaji National Park, allowing animals to move in a safe environment.

  • It has smart traffic systems and modern gadgets associated with safety, making the expressway efficient in traffic management, and accidents are minimised.

  • It will help increase tourism to favourite tourism spots such as Mussoorie and Dehradun, which will improve local economies.

  • The corridor will also drive economic growth, enhance logistics and connectivity, and create investment opportunities in the area.

  • The project team has considered eco-bridges, underpasses, and green design aspects along the route to achieve environmental sustainability.

  • The expressway is an overall game-changing infrastructural initiative which has revolutionised the travel experience and enhanced the growth of the region in North India.

PYQs on Roads, Highways & Expressways in India

Exam & Year Question Options Correct Answer
SSC CGL 2020 Which is the longest National Highway in India? (A) NH-44
(B) NH-27
(C) NH-48
(D) NH-52
(A) NH-44
RRB NTPC 2021 Which National Highway is the shortest in India? (A) NH-47A
(B) NH-548
(C) NH-966B
(D) NH-44
(C) NH-966B
SSC CHSL 2019 The Golden Quadrilateral project connects which cities? (A) Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata
(B) Delhi, Jaipur, Mumbai, Kolkata
(C) Mumbai, Pune, Chennai, Delhi
(D) Delhi, Lucknow, Kolkata, Chennai
(A) Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata
UPSC Prelims 2018 Which authority is responsible for the development of National Highways in India? (A) PWD
(B) NHAI
(C) BRO
(D) State Govt
(B) NHAI
SSC MTS 2022 Which is the highest motorable road in India? (A) Rohtang Pass
(B) Khardung La
(C) Zojila Pass
(D) Nathula Pass
(B) Khardung La
RRB Group D 2019 Which organization constructs roads in border areas? (A) NHAI
(B) BRO
(C) CPWD
(D) NHIDCL
(B) BRO
SSC CGL 2018 NH-44 runs between which two points? (A) Srinagar to Kanyakumari
(B) Delhi to Mumbai
(C) Kolkata to Chennai
(D) Mumbai to Chennai
(A) Srinagar to Kanyakumari
UPSC Prelims 2015 The concept of Expressways in India is mainly aimed at: (A) Rural roads
(B) High-speed corridors
(C) Village connectivity
(D) Border roads
(B) High-speed corridors
SSC CHSL 2021 Which is India’s first expressway? (A) Yamuna Expressway
(B) Mumbai-Pune Expressway
(C) Delhi-Meerut Expressway
(D) Agra-Lucknow Expressway
(B) Mumbai-Pune Expressway
RRB NTPC 2020 Which is one of the longest expressways in India? (A) Yamuna Expressway
(B) Purvanchal Expressway
(C) Agra Expressway
(D) Noida Expressway
(B) Purvanchal Expressway

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Conclusion – Delhi–Dehradun Expressway

The Delhi-Dehradun Expressway is a great step forward in the development of infrastructure in India to shorten the time taken in travelling and to improve the connectivity between the major areas. Modern design, safety measures, and eco-friendly features such as wildlife corridors distinguish it as the new standard of highway projects. The expressway will enhance tourism, trade, and the development of the area. On the whole, it indicates the interest of the government to accelerate intelligent and sustainable transport, which will help to promote economic development and increase the level of travel experience in North India.

Lok Sabha

Lok Sabha May Expand to 850 Seats Ahead of 2029 Elections

The proposal to increase the Lok Sabha seats to 850 is set to be a historic reform of India’s electoral system, as the centre plans to hold the 2029 general elections. The relocation is a larger constitutional amendment initiative geared towards the introduction of the long-awaited 33 percent women’s reservation in Parliament. Discussed during a special session of parliament will be the proposal, along with the reforms of delimitation in accordance with the new population data.

Key Highlights & Implications: Lok Sabha Expansion to 850 Seats

  • One of the biggest reforms in the electoral history of India has been the proposal of the central government to raise the strength of the Lok Sabha to 850 seats at most, considering that the current number is 543.

  • The growth mainly targets to institute 33% quota for women, which might lead to an excess of 270 female MP seats.

  • A constitution amendment bill (131st amendment), a delimitation bill, and other legal provisions should make this change possible.

  • It is proposed to divide the seats equitably between the states and the Union Territories, with 815 seats each.

  • The reforms are associated with the delimitation of electoral areas, which will draw boundaries of elections based on the recent census information available.

  • The shift will probably give the majority a markup of 400 seats in the Lok Sabha, in which politics will then take a different turn.

  • The growth can contribute to nearly 50% of the growth in seats in both Parliament and state assemblies.

  • The proposal aims to fast-track implementation of the Women’s Reservation Act (2023) before the 2029 elections, instead of waiting for the next census.

  • It will involve a two-thirds majority in Parliament and its ratification by at least one in every five states, and therefore, the political agreement will be essential.

  • It has been a topic of controversy in the plan, with some of the states objecting to the issue of fair representation and federal balance, particularly on the issue of seat distribution among the various states based on population.

  • Provided this reform is in place, the political landscape in India will be reconstituted, making the Parliament more inclusive and future-oriented, in addition to having higher representation.

Previous Year Questions on Lok Sabha

Exam & Year Question Options Correct Answer
SSC CGL 2019 What is the maximum strength of the Lok Sabha as per the Constitution of India? (A) 545
(B) 550
(C) 552
(D) 560
(C) 552
UPSC Prelims 2017 Consider the following statements regarding the Lok Sabha:
1. It is a permanent House.
2. It can be dissolved by the President.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
(A) 1 only
(B) 2 only
(C) Both 1 and 2
(D) Neither 1 nor 2
(B) 2 only
SSC CHSL 2020 The tenure of the Lok Sabha is normally: (A) 4 years
(B) 5 years
(C) 6 years
(D) 3 years
(B) 5 years
UPSC Prelims 2014 The Speaker of the Lok Sabha can be removed from office by: (A) President
(B) Prime Minister
(C) Majority of Lok Sabha members
(D) Chief Justice
(C) Majority of Lok Sabha members
RRB NTPC 2021 Who presides over the joint sitting of Parliament? (A) President
(B) Vice President
(C) Speaker of Lok Sabha
(D) Prime Minister
(C) Speaker of Lok Sabha
SSC CGL 2018 Money Bills can be introduced in which House? (A) Rajya Sabha
(B) Lok Sabha
(C) Either House
(D) Joint Sitting
(B) Lok Sabha
UPSC Prelims 2020 Which of the following is not a function of the Lok Sabha? (A) Passing Money Bills
(B) Controlling Executive
(C) Conducting Elections of President
(D) Reviewing Constitutionality of laws
(D) Reviewing Constitutionality of laws
SSC MTS 2022 The quorum to constitute a sitting of the Lok Sabha is: (A) 1/5th
(B) 1/6th
(C) 1/10th
(D) 1/3rd
(C) 1/10th
RRB Group D 2019 The minimum age to become a member of the Lok Sabha is: (A) 18 years
(B) 21 years
(C) 25 years
(D) 30 years
(C) 25 years
UPSC Prelims 2012 Which House of Parliament has more powers in financial matters? (A) Rajya Sabha
(B) Lok Sabha
(C) Both equal
(D) President
(B) Lok Sabha

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Conclusion – Lok Sabha Expansion From 552 to 850 Seats

The Lok Sabha seats from 552 to 850 are a revolutionary move towards enhancing India’s democracy. Its purpose is to improve representation and ability to cater to growth in population and successful adoption of the women’s reservation. Nevertheless, it raises questions of federal balance and political connotations. When enacted in a consensus manner, such a reform would help Parliament to become more inclusive, representative, and future-oriented, predetermining the direction Indian democracy will take following the 2029 general election.

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