Nobel in Literature award 2025, Hungarian writer László Krasznahorkai, recognized the quality and vision of his literature. Krasznahorkai was known to be a proponent of thick, philosophical, and apocalyptic prose, and his works have been primarily concerned with the themes of chaos and empirical existence. His first novel, Satantango (1985), was internationally recognized and also a movie directed by Bela Tarr. The Swedish Academy noted him for using literary work to challenge the state of confusion and seek meaning in his life through art.

Nobel Prize in Literature Historical Background

• Institution: The Nobel Prize in Literature was established in 1895 through the will of Alfred Nobel and was awarded for the first time in 1901.

• First Winner: The first prize went to French poet Sully Prudhomme, who was rewarded with his poetic work based on very high ideals and artistic ability.

• Recent Winner: Hungarian novelist László Krasznahorkai was presented in 2025 with the accolade because of his dystopian-themed literary works in which he explored the inspirations of the apocalypse

• Past Winner (2024): Norwegian author Jon Fosse received this award due to his creative contributions to the literature of the modern world.

• Commercial Fellows: Grijlava Gabriela Mistral, Hermann Hesse, Toni Morrison, and Svetlana Alexievich have become known in the world of literature through their contributions to it, as well as mastering their art.

Conclusion

The Nobel Prize in Literature has been one of the most prestigious international awards paying tribute to some of the most influential authors in the world on the basis of their work. It has identified a wide range of writers in a wide range of cultures, languages, and genres since its beginning in 1901, which showcases the power of literature in inspiring, challenging, and maintaining mirror to the society. Throughout the history of the Allusion to the innovations and the modern approaches, the prize still underlines the perennial importance of narrative, imagination, and artistic quality in reshaping human thinking and culture in every corner of the world.

India is promoting its flagship program, PM-KUSUM (Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthan Mahabhiyan), to strengthen the adoption of renewable energy in Africa. The initiative will follow the success of India in the solar energy implementation by assisting off-grid solar pumps, solarizing agricultural pumps, and setting up solar power plants on the lands owned by farmers. This initiative is used to improve the efficiency of irrigation systems, improve agricultural productivity, and accessibility to clean energy for rural and off-grid populations. Through the presentation of PM-KUSUM at the international platform, India will also show that it believes in sustainable development, and it will partner with renewable energy sources as well as promote the growth partnership of Africa on solar energy.

The International Solar Alliance About the International Solar Alliance.

The International Solar Alliance is a global programme that was initiated in the year 2015 between India and France in a summit called COP 21 in Paris. It boasts of 124 Member and Signatory Countries. The Alliance engages with governments to enhance access to energy and ensure energy security on a global scale and sponsors solar power as an effective step towards a clean energy future. The mission of ISA is to improve investments in solar before the year 2030, leaving the cost of the technology and its financing lower. It advances the utilization of solar energy in agriculture, health, transport, as well as power generation is the case. Member Countries of ISA are bringing change through enacting policies and regulations, exchanging best practices, a common standards agreement, and the mobilisation of investments.

Important Key Facts of PM-KUSUM Scheme

• Founded: Government of India, 2019.

• Purpose: Solarize irrigation pumps, install mount farmer-owned solar farms, and encourage the adoption of solar energy in farming.

• Chair/ Authority- Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).

• Inauguration- PM Narendra Modi inaugurated it.

• Goals: 1.4 million off-grid solar pumps and 3.5 million solarized pumps, as well as 10,000MW solar plants.

• Coverage: Nationwide, assisting the rural community and farmers.

Conclusion

India encourages the solar scheme PM-KUSUM to African countries, supporting its interest in the renewable energy partnership with the world. Through the exemplification of its successful solarizing agricultural pumps initiative, installation of farmer-operated solar plants and off-grid solar systems, India expects to improve efficiencies in irrigation systems, improve agricultural production, and advance access to clean energy within rural living populations in Africa. This project enhances the relationship between India and Africa, ensures their economic progress, and makes India an important power broker in a quest to produce innovative, scalable, and climate-friendly energy solutions on a global scale.