Day: March 14, 2026

Pi Day 2026: Interesting Facts and Historical Background

Pi Day, celebrated every year on March 14 (3/14), honours the mathematical constant π (pi), approximately equal to 3.14159. The day recognises the significance of pi in mathematics, science, and engineering, representing the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter. Pi Day has become a global celebration, inspiring educational activities, competitions, and creative events like pie-eating contests and math quizzes. The observance also honours mathematicians and encourages students to explore the fascinating world of numbers. In 2026, Pi Day will continue to promote math awareness, learning, and fun for enthusiasts worldwide.

Significance and Fun Facts About Pi Day

  • Pi Day is celebrated on March 14 because the date corresponds to the first three digits of π: 3.14.

  • The idea of Pi Day was first proposed in 1988 by physicist Larry Shaw at the San Francisco Exploratorium.

  • Pi has been studied for over 4,000 years, with ancient civilisations like the Babylonians and Egyptians approximating its value.

  • Pi is an irrational number, meaning it cannot be expressed as a simple fraction, and its decimal expansion never ends or repeats.

  • Mathematicians have calculated trillions of digits of pi using computers, though only a few decimal places are needed for practical calculations.

  • Pi appears in formulas across science and engineering, including geometry, trigonometry, and physics equations.

  • In addition to maths, Pi Day is celebrated with themed events, such as pie-baking contests and math games in schools.

  • Some enthusiasts celebrate at 1:59 pm to represent 3.14159, an extended approximation of pi.

  • Pi Day also coincides with Albert Einstein’s birthday, adding to its cultural significance.

  • In 2009, the U.S. Congress officially recognised March 14 as National Pi Day, encouraging educational activities nationwide.

  • International Pi Day events often include competitions to memorise the most digits of pi and lectures about its applications.

  • The celebration inspires creative uses of mathematics in art, music, and literature, linking STEM subjects with cultural activities.

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Conclusion – Pi Day 2026

Pi Day 2026 celebrates the fascinating mathematical constant π, highlighting its importance in mathematics, science, and everyday life. Beyond numbers, it inspires creativity, learning, and global participation through fun activities like math games and pie-themed events. Observing Pi Day encourages curiosity, honours mathematicians, and reminds us of the timeless impact of mathematics on culture and education.

New Parasitic Wasp Species Discovered in Assam Tea Estate

Researchers have discovered a previously unknown parasitic wasp species in a tea estate in Assam, revealing the hidden biodiversity in plantation ecosystems. Named Chelonus (Carinichelonus) mahadeb, the species was identified at the Nahortoli Tea Estate during a taxonomic survey. The study was conducted by scientists from the Zoological Survey of India, the University of Guelph (Canada), and the Kalinga Foundation. Another related species, Chelonus siangensis, was also recorded at Chubwa Tea Estate, showing a wider distribution in Northeast India. These findings expand scientific knowledge of parasitic wasps and highlight their potential role in natural pest control in agricultural landscapes.

New Parasitic Wasp Species Found in Assam Tea Estate

  • Chelonus (Carinichelonus) mahadeb belongs to the rare and poorly documented subgenus Carinichelonus.

  • The discovery in Nahortoli Tea Estate demonstrates that cultivated areas can support diverse insect life.

  • Chelonus siangensis was also recorded in Chubwa Tea Estate, indicating a broader regional presence.

  • These wasps are egg-larval parasitoids: they lay eggs in moth or butterfly eggs, and their larvae feed on the host, naturally controlling pests.

  • Parasitic wasps help reduce crop-damaging caterpillars and can support sustainable agriculture by reducing chemical pesticide use.

  • Documenting such species increases knowledge of India’s parasitoid diversity, which is still largely unexplored.

  • Tea plantations in Assam serve as biodiversity hotspots, hosting insects, spiders, birds, and other arthropods.

  • Understanding these ecological relationships can help design environmentally friendly pest management practices.

Previous Year Questions and Answers

Question (with Options) Answer
In which year was tea discovered in Assam?
(A) 1820
(B) 1823
(C) 1826
(D) 1830
B) 1823
Which river flows through Assam?
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Yamuna
(D) Godavari
B) Brahmaputra
Majuli is famous as the largest ___ in the world.
(A) Lake
(B) Island
(C) Forest
(D) Hill Station
B) Island
Who was the founder of the Ahom kingdom in Assam?
(A) Pratap Singha
(B) Sukapha
(C) Rudra Singha
(D) Pushya Varman
B) Sukapha
When was the first session of Assam Sahitya Sabha held?
(A) 1905
(B) 1917
(C) 1921
(D) 1930
B) 1917
Who was Assam’s first Chief Minister after Independence?
(A) Gopinath Bordoloi
(B) Bimala Prasad Chaliha
(C) Sarat Chandra Sinha
(D) Hiteswar Saikia
A) Gopinath Bordoloi
When was the first railway service introduced in Assam?
(A) 1872
(B) 1882
(C) 1892
(D) 1902
B) 1882
Which is a traditional Assamese drink?
(A) Lassi
(B) Tea
(C) Apong
(D) Coffee
C) Apong
Which rice variety is traditionally from Assam?
(A) Joha Rice
(B) Basmati
(C) Sona Masuri
(D) Gobindobhog
A) Joha Rice
Which is the capital city of Assam?
(A) Guwahati
(B) Shillong
(C) Dispur
(D) Tezpur
C) Dispur

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Conclusion (Wasp Species Found in Assam)

The discovery of a new parasitic wasp species in Assam highlights the region’s rich and largely unexplored biodiversity. It emphasises the ecological importance of tea estates as habitats for rare insects and underlines the role of such species in natural pest control, supporting both conservation and sustainable agriculture.

IISc Professor Arpita Patra Summits World’s Highest Volcano

Arpita Patra, a professor at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bengaluru, achieved a remarkable feat by reaching the summit of Ojos del Salado, the tallest volcano on Earth. Rising to about 6,893 metres in the Andes along the border of Chile and Argentina, the peak is known for its harsh weather and extreme altitude. Patra reached the summit on March 6, 2026, becoming the second Indian woman to accomplish this challenging climb. Her achievement highlights the spirit of exploration among Indian scientists and demonstrates how determination, preparation, and passion can lead to extraordinary accomplishments beyond academia.

IISc Professor Arpita Patra Reaches the World’s Highest Volcano

  • Arpita Patra serves as a faculty member in the Department of Computer Science and Automation at the Indian Institute of Science, one of India’s leading research universities. Alongside her academic work in cryptography and computer science, she actively pursues high-altitude mountaineering.

  • She successfully summited Ojos del Salado on 6 March 2026, reaching an elevation of 6,893 metres (22,615 feet). This achievement made her the second Indian woman known to have reached the top of the world’s highest volcanic peak.

  • Ojos del Salado is located in the Andes and straddles the international border between Chile and Argentina. It is also recognised as the second-highest mountain in the Western Hemisphere, after Aconcagua.

  • The volcano is located in the Atacama Desert region, one of the driest places on Earth. Climbers must face extreme altitude, freezing temperatures, strong winds, and limited oxygen during the expedition.

  • The final stretch of the climb is technically demanding. Mountaineers must navigate steep terrain and complete a short but difficult rock-climbing section near the summit, making the ascent more complex than many other high peaks.

  • High-altitude expeditions like this require careful acclimatisation. Climbers typically spend several days moving between base camps and higher camps so that their bodies adjust to reduced oxygen levels.

  • This summit marks the highest altitude Patra has reached to date in her mountaineering journey and is a major milestone in her adventure pursuits.

  • Before this expedition, she had already climbed several famous volcanic mountains, including Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, Mount Elbrus in Russia, Mount Giluwe in Papua New Guinea, and Pico de Orizaba in Mexico.

  • Through these climbs, Patra is progressing toward completing the Volcanic Seven Summits challenge, which involves scaling the highest volcano on each continent.

  • Her accomplishment has drawn attention to the growing involvement of Indian scientists and women explorers in global mountaineering, inspiring students, researchers, and adventure enthusiasts nationwide.

Asked Previous Year Questions on Volcanoes

Exam Year Question (with Options) Correct Answer
UPSC Civil Services Prelims 2018 Consider the following statements about the volcano Barren Island:
1. It is an active volcano in Indian territory.
2. It lies in the Andaman Sea.
3. It last erupted in 1991 and has remained inactive since then.Options:
(A) 1 and 2 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 1 only
(D) 1, 2 and 3
A. 1 and 2 only
SSC Junior Engineer 2018 Which of the following is considered the largest volcano on Earth?

Options:
(A) Ojos del Salado
(B) Mount Vesuvius
(C) Tamu Massif
(D) Mount Fuji

C. Tamu Massif
SSC CGL 2017 Molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface is called:

Options:
(A) Lava
(B) Magma
(C) Basalt
(D) Ash

B. Magma
SSC CHSL 2016 When molten rock reaches the Earth’s surface, it is called:

Options:
(A) Lava
(B) Magma
(C) Crater
(D) Vent

A. Lava
State PSC 2020 Which of the following is the only active volcano in India?

Options:
(A) Narcondam Island
(B) Barren Island
(C) Deccan Traps
(D) Mount Abu

B. Barren Island
UPSC 2013 Which of the following mountains is actually a volcano?

Options:
(A) Mount Kilimanjaro
(B) Aravalli Range
(C) Vindhya Range
(D) Satpura Range

A. Mount Kilimanjaro
SSC Exams 2015 The Ring of Fire is mainly associated with which ocean?

Options:
(A) Atlantic Ocean
(B) Pacific Ocean
(C) Indian Ocean
(D) Arctic Ocean

B. Pacific Ocean
State PSC 2021 Which of the following volcanoes is located in Japan?

Options:
(A) Mount Fuji
(B) Mount Etna
(C) Mount Kilimanjaro
(D) Mauna Loa

A. Mount Fuji
State PSC 2022 Which of the following volcanoes is located in Italy?

Options:
(A) Mount Fuji
(B) Mount Etna
(C) Mount Kilimanjaro
(D) Mauna Loa

B. Mount Etna
RRB Railway 2025 Which is the highest volcano in the world?

Options:
(A) Mauna Kea
(B) Mount Elbrus
(C) Ojos del Salado
(D) Mount Etna

C. Ojos del Salado

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Conclusion (Arpita Patra Reaches Top of Ojos del Salado)

The successful ascent of Ojos del Salado by Arpita Patra marks an inspiring achievement for both the academic and mountaineering communities. As a professor at the Indian Institute of Science, she has achieved extraordinary milestones through dedication, courage, and perseverance. Her journey encourages students, researchers, and adventure enthusiasts to pursue ambitious goals and explore possibilities beyond traditional academic boundaries.

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